CHAPTER 01 시제 ▶ p. 11 C 1. had started the fire 2. had already left 3. had been ill for three days 현재완료 계속·경험 과거완료 진행형 A 1. has rained 2. has been 3. Have you seen B 1. has had 2. has studied 3. has lived C 1. has learned, for three years 2. has been, since 3. has never watched 현재완료 완료·결과 A 1. finished 2. has lost 3. have dropped 4. has packed B 1. have just had 2. have not told her yet 3. has already seen C 1. has gone to 2. has just come 3. hasn’t[has not] mailed 4. have forgotten 현재완료 진행형 A 1. has been living 2. has been exercising 3. has been writing 4. has been reading 5. has been playing B 1. have been playing 2. has been teaching 3. has been raining 4. have been studying 5. has been fixing 6. has been looking for 과거완료 A 1. gave → had given 2. already saw → had already seen 3. broke → had broken 4. ate → had eaten B 1. had had lunch 2. had never been to Spain 3. had not seen him for a while A 1. had been building 2. had been having 3. had been using 4. had been studying 5. had been playing 6. had been driving 7. had been attending 8. had been taking a nap B 1. had been raining 2. had been cooking 3. had been writing 4. had been studying 5. had been living 6. had been hiding 7. had been digging 8. had been arguing 미래완료 A 1. will have ended 2. will have finished 3. will have started 4. will have arrived 5. will have sold 6. will have completed 7. will have been married B 1. will have left 2. will have lived[will have been living] 3. will have come 4. will have spent 5. will have become 6. will have won 7. will have fallen asleep Wrap-Up Test ▶ p. 18 01 ③ 06 ② 11 ② 16 ⑤ 02 ③ 07 ① 12 ⑤ 17 ⑤ 03 ④ 08 ④ 13 ③ 18 ③ 04 ⑤ 09 ③ 14 ⑤ 19 ④ 05 ④ 10 ④ 15 ③ 20 ⑤ 21 has been, for an hour 22 has been sleeping 23 has been to China twice 24 will have finished the homework by 6 o’clock 25 arrived, had already left 2 Catch the Grammar 01 결과를 나타내는 현재완료 have had을 쓴다. 02 계속을 나타내는 현재완료 have known을 쓴다. CHAPTER 02 03 의사가 방문한 시점이 과거이기 때문에 과거완료 had 조동사 ▶ p. 21 been을 쓴다. 04 In September라는 미래 시점에 완료되는 일이므로 미 래완료 will have been married를 쓴다. 05 주절 시제가 과거인데 gave보다 먼저 일어난 일이므로 빈칸에는 과거완료 had bought를 쓴다. 06 경험을 나타내는 현재완료를 쓴다. 07 계속을 나타내는 현재완료를 쓴다. 08 계속을 나타내는 과거완료 진행형과 현재완료 진행형을 쓴다. 09 지난밤에 화제가 발생했으므로 과거 동사 was를 쓰고, 담배가 화재를 발생시킨 시점은 소방수가 말한 것보다 앞서기 때문에 had started를 쓴다. 10 계속을 나타내는 현재완료에서 <have[has] p.p. ~ since 주어＋과거 동사> 11 런던에 두 번 다녀온 경험과 회사에서 내내 승승장구했 다는 계속을 나타내어 has been. 12 계속을 나타내는 현재완료에서 <have[has] p.p. ~ since＋명사 / 주어＋과거동사> 13 계속을 나타내는 현재완료를 쓴다. 14 ⑤ 현재완료 완료, ①, ②, ③, ④ 현재완료 경험 15 ③ 현재완료 결과, ①, ②, ④, ⑤ 현재완료 계속 16 ⑤ 현재완료 경험, ①, ②, ③, ④ 현재완료 완료 17 ⑤ 과거완료 had left를 써야 한다. 18 ③ 과거완료 진행형 had been living을 써야 한다. 19 몇 시간 후에 완료될 일을 나타내므로 미래완료 will have reached를 쓴다. 20 특정 과거 시점까지 계속된 일을 나타내므로 과거완료 진행형 had been waiting을 써야 한다. 완료 has been과 함께 for an hour를 쓴다. 22 두 시간 전부터 지금까지 자고 있으므로 현재완료 진행 형 has been sleeping을 쓴다. 23 경험을 나타내는 현재완료 have[has] been to. 24 미래 시점(6시 정각)까지 완료를 나타내는 미래완료. 25 Sarah가 도착한 시점은 과거(arrived)이고 기차가 떠난 조동사의 특징 A 1. not can → cannot 2. mays → may 3. makes → make 4. don’t must → must not 5. Do I should → Should I 6. will must → will have to B 1. will travel around Europe 2. Can you tell me the way 3. should not accept the plan 4. may play the piano 5. will be able to solve the problem do, be, have A 1. They have not gone to the baseball field by car. 2. Eric sings the song better than Ralph does. 3. Did Tiffany go to the movies with her friend, 4. Hillary does know that Clara made a big mistake Jason? yesterday. 5. A lot of houses have been built in the suburbs of New York (by them). B 1. has nothing to do with this accident 2. have only to submit[hand, turn in] this paper A 1. 파티가 끝난 후에 약간의 음식이 남아 있을 수도 있어. 2. Brian이 떠나기를 원하지 않는다는 것이 과연 사실일 3. Steven이 유죄라는 사실에 어떠한 의심도 있을 수 까? 없다. 었다. 5. 기자들과 인터뷰하는 것은 매우 스트레스가 많은 경 Answer Key 3 것은 과거 이전(had already left)이다. 4. Alex는 스무 살이 되기 전에 5개 언어를 말할 수 있 21 한 시간 전부터 지금까지 도서관에 계속 있으므로 현재 can, could 험일 수도 있다. B 1. can’t afford to ignore his friends’ advice 2. cannot help admiring his excellent achievements may, might A 1. Psy는 내년 8월에 콘서트를 위해 런던을 방문할지도 모른다. 2. Sally가 그녀의 아버지를 자랑스러워하는 것이 당연하다. 3. 너의 귀중품을 안전 금고에 두는 편이 낫다. 4. 좋은 자리를 얻으려면 일찍 떠나야 한다. B 1. may not leave your room until you receive permission 2. might as well throw your money, as must, have to A 1. have to book 2. has to leave B 1. must not run 2. don’t have to be removed 3. didn’t have to wait for 4. cannot be here 5. must[have to] consider will, would A 1. 이 문은 아무리 해도 열리지 않는다. 2. Ted는 체중을 줄이기 위해서 매일 운동한다. 3. Brown은 이사 가기 전에 매일 방과 후에 나를 만나곤 했다. 4. Martin이 부탁해도 Catherine은 그를 위해 노래를 부 르지 않을 것이다. B 1. I would rather stay at home than go with him. 2. We would lend her much money when she was 3. prepares → prepare 4. should not → should 5. ought → ought to 6. shouldn’t → should B 1. lest you should fall down the stairs 2. should have taken the subway 3. should be home by now 4. insisted that children (should) not eat 5. ought to check your answers carefully need, dare A 1. doesn’t dare → dare not 2. dares → dare 3. don’t need → don’t need to[need not] 4. to speak → speak 5. to come → come B 1. you needn’t[don’t need to] come 2. didn’t dare to open the door 3. didn’t dare to say what he did 4. don’t need to be a member of the team 5. needs to compromise and cooperate with them used to, had better A 1. use → used 2. to draw → draw 3. use → use to 4. was used → used 5. to go → go B 1. used to take a walk 2. used to be much warmer than now 3. used to be a famous actress 4. had better go to bed early 5. had better not force your opinion A 1. can’t → may[might] 2. may → can’t 3. should → must 4. must → should B 1. need not have worried about his health 2. must have studied hard 3. can’t have done it in difficulties. <조동사`＋`have`＋`p.p.> 3. Angela would like to take part in club activities. should, ought to A 1. saw → (should) see 2. to not → not to 4 Catch the Grammar Wrap-Up Test 01 ② 06 ④ 11 ② 16 ⑤ 02 ② 07 ① 12 ④ 17 ① 03 ① 08 ⑤ 13 ③ 18 ③ 04 ① 09 ① 14 ② 19 ① ▶ p.32 05 ③ 10 ③ 15 ② 20 would, like, to 21 used, to, go 22 cannot have done 23 must have been 24 may as well live alone as marry 25 need not have bought 01 don’t have to ~할 필요 없다 02 두 개의 조동사를 이어서 사용할 수 없기 때문에 can을 be able to로 쓴다. 03 과거의 습관 would ~하곤 했다 04 have only to ~하기만 하면 된다 05 had better ~하는 게 낫다 06 <lest＋주어＋should＋동사원형> ~하지 않기 위해서 07 must have p.p. 틀림없이 ~했을 것이다 08 should have p.p. ~했어야 했는데 (하지 못했다) 09 ~하기 위하여 (= in order to[so as to]＋동사원형) 10 ~하지 않을 수 없다 11 ② must learns → learn: 조동사 뒤에는 동사원형이 20 want to = would like to ~하고 싶다 21 ~하곤 했다 22 cannot have p.p. ~했을 리 없다 (과거 사실에 대한 23 must have p.p. ~했음에 틀림없다 (과거 사실에 대한 강한 의심) 강한 추측) 24 may as well A as B B하느니 차라리 A하는 편이 낫다 25 need not have p.p. ~할 필요는 없었다 CHAPTER 03 수동태 ▶ p. 35 수동태 문장 만드는 법 A 1. cause → are caused 2. are spent → spend 3. injured → was injured 4. was repaired → repaired 5. stole → was stolen B 1. The city was destroyed by the earthquake. 2. The contract was signed by James yesterday. 3. The first school was founded by Cathy in 1890. 4. Two hundred people were employed by the 12 ④ to watch → watch: B하느니 차라리 A하겠다. 13 ③ attended→ (should) attend: <insist＋that＋주어＋ (should)＋동사원형> 14 ② <can’t[cannot] afford to＋동사원형> ~할 처지가 아 수동태의 시제 company. Monet. 온다. 니다 15 ② can 부탁 ①, ③, ④, ⑤ can 허가 (승인) 16 don’t have to ~할 필요 없다 must not ~해서는 안 된다 (금지) 17 ~하는 것은 당연하다 18 ~해서는 안 된다 (금지) 19 may have p.p. ~했을지도 모른다 (과거 사실에 대한 약한 추측) A 1. has been invited 2. was being driven 3. will be built 4. had been developed 5. is being cut B 1. is being used 2. will be sent 3. will have been finished 4. have been found C 1. has been postponed[was postponed] 2. will be treated 3. is being made Answer Key 5 4형식 문장의 수동태 조동사가 있는 문장의 수동태 A 1. was made for his son by him 2. wasn’t given the money 3. wasn’t sent to him by Rachel A 1. prohibit → be prohibited 2. solve → be solved 3. do → done 4. make → be made 5. sent → been sent 4. was brought to me by my father yesterday B 1. be made for your daughter by you 5. was asked some difficult questions at the 2. will not be made by him until tomorrow morning interview B 1. were taught mathematics[math] 2. was told a surprising story 3. could be heard from far away C 1. must not be used in the library 2. be cooked by your sister 3. was made for me 4. will be given 3. may not be selected by 5형식 문장의 수동태 A 1. were considered sacred by people in India 2. is called the king of K-pop by a lot of fans 3. were asked to clean the classroom by the teacher 4. will be elected captain of the team by us because of his ability B 1. was advised to go to bed early 2. was considered creative and brilliant 3. was allowed to go hiking C 1. persuaded Ted to donate some money, was persuaded to donate some money by Jane 2. expects her to finish the work successfully, is expected to finish the work successfully by Mark 4. should be recommended by his teacher 동사구의 수동태 표현 A 1. will be dealt with by our team 2. should be looked into by the detective 3. is always spoken ill of by 4. will be picked up by my father 5. were laughed at by the bad man B 1. should be taken care of by their parents 2. was made fun of by him 3. has been brought up by her grandfather 4. was put off by Alex that절을 목적어로 하는 문장의 수동태 A 1. is believed that the number thirteen is unlucky, is believed to be unlucky 사역동사·지각동사의 수동태 2. is said that the greenhouse effect is dangerous to us, A 1. They were seen playing basketball by Susan is said to be dangerous to us 2. was made clean by my mother 3. is thought that the company lost lots of money 3. The driver was made to stop his car for speeding last year, by the police officer B 1. cried → crying[to cry] 2. seeing → seen 3. read → to read C 1. was made to change my mind 2. was made embarrassed is thought to have lost lots of money last year 4. is reported that many people are homeless after the earthquake, are reported to be homeless after the earthquake B 1. is considered to be 6 Catch the Grammar 2. is thought to have 3. is said to be 4. is believed to be effective by 외의 전치사를 쓰는 수동태 A 1. to → with 2. with → to 3. by → with 4. by → of 5. by → at 6. by → with 7. by → in B 1. is crowded with 2. was married to 3. is known to 4. were surprised at 5. were satisfied with 6. is engaged in A 1. Are your meals cooked by you? 2. Are you satisfied with this result? 3. What is this called in English? 03 현재완료 수동태는 have[has] been p.p. 형태이다. 04 현재완료 수동태는 have[has] been p.p. 형태이다. 05 지각동사의 목적격 보어가 현재분사인 경우에는 수동태 에서도 현재분사를 그대로 쓴다. 06 진행형 수동태는 <be동사＋being＋p.p.> 형태이다. 07 미래 시제 수동태는 will be p.p. 형태이다. 08 4형식 동사의 수동태는 <be동사＋p.p.＋(전치사)＋간접 목적어＋by＋목적어> 형태이다. 동사 buy는 간접목적어 앞에 전치사 for를 쓴다. 09 사역동사 make의 목적격 보어가 원형부정사일 경우 수 동태에서는 to부정사로 바뀐다. 10 의문사가 있는 의문문의 수동태는 <의문사＋be동사＋주 어＋p.p. ~?> 형태이다. 11 ③ should made → should be made: 조동사의 수동 태는 <조동사＋be p.p.> 형태이다. 12 ② be interested in ~에 관심 있다 <Don’t let＋목적어＋be p.p.>이다. 14 ① be accused of ~로 비난받다/기소되다 15 ③ considered → is considered: <consider＋목적 어＋목적격 보어(명사)>의 수동태는 <주어＋be considered 17 5형식 문장의 수동태로 목적격 보어인 to부정사가 다음에 나와야 한다. 18 의문사가 있는 의문문의 수동태는 <의문사＋be동사＋주 어＋p.p.~ ?> 형태이다. 20 <주어＋be동사＋thought＋to＋동사원형>: ~가 ~한 것 21 ② was taken care → was taken care of: 동사구 으로 생각되다 (take care of)의 수동태 22 ④ come → to come: 지각동사의 목적격 보어가 원형 부정사인 경우 수동태에서는 to부정사로 바뀐다. 23 현재완료 수동태는 have[has] been＋p.p. 형태이다. 24 조동사가 포함된 동사구(look up to)의 수동태로 의 형태이다. B 1. Let this flower not be touched. 16 조동사가 있는 문장의 수동태는 <조동사＋be p.p.> 형태 2. Let this book be removed from the library. 이다. 3. What is this electrical device used for? 4. By whom was this computer invented? Wrap-Up Test ▶ p.46 19 be known to: ~에게 알려지다 01 ② 06 ② 11 ③ 16 ① 21 ② 02 ④ 07 ③ 12 ② 17 ③ 22 ④ 03 ④ 08 ③ 13 ② 18 ③ 04 ③ 09 ④ 14 ① 19 ① 05 ④ 10 ① 15 ③ 20 ⑤ 23 has just been sent by Sarah 24 must be looked up to by 25 was made to think about my future ＋be looked up to＋by 목적격>이다. 01 미래형 수동태는 will be p.p. 형태이다. 02 진행형 수동태는 <be동사＋being＋p.p.> 형태이다. 사＋made＋to부정사> Answer Key 7 CHAPTER 04 3. found it interesting to learn to부정사 Ⅰ ▶ p. 49 to부정사의 명사적 용법 Ⅰ - 주어, 목적어, 보어 A 1. Live → To live[Living] 2. having → to have 3. travel → to travel 4. go → to go B 1. They agreed to work together. 2. To write essays in English is not easy. 3. Emily planned to reduce fat in her diet. 4. My dream is to be a famous artist. C 1. promised to call me every day 2. To find fault with other people 3. To express your feelings properly 4. to understand European culture to부정사의 형용사적 용법 Ⅰ - 명사 수식 A 1. to live → to live in 2. to share her secret → to share her secret with 3. to hide place → place to hide 4. to write → to write on 5. to come man → man to come B 1. The ability to speak English 2. enough money to buy 3. some time to work on C 1. the first African writer to receive 2. containers to store some food 3. the good sense not to be involved 4. efforts to expand and improve to부정사의 명사적 용법 Ⅱ - <의문사 + to부정사> to부정사의 형용사적 용법 Ⅱ - A 1. how I should use 2. what to buy 3. where to look B 1. when to get 2. how to connect 3. which team to support 4. what to wear C 1. How to begin, where to stop 2. how to live a happy life to부정사의 명사적 용법 Ⅲ - 가주어·가목적어 it A 1. It is wise to save money for the future. 2. It isn’t easy to learn a foreign language. 3. It was quite sensible to realize the danger in advance. B 1. found it difficult to understand 2. makes it a rule to get up C 1. It is essential to prepare your passport 2. think it necessary to attend 8 Catch the Grammar A 1. is to be held 2. is to speak 3. was never to return 4. are to be rescued 5. you are to succeed 6. are to meet B 1. is not to be bought 2. are to finish your homework 3. is to submit the report to his teacher 4. was never to meet her children again 5. you are to lose weight to부정사의 부사적 용법 A 1. grew up to be a famous aritist 2. must be foolish to say something 3. studied hard in order not to fail 4. I was surprised to hear 5. be a fool to accept his proposal B 1. must be crazy to behave like that 2. turned off the TV in order not to disturb him 3. were sad to hear that her mother passed away 용법, ④ 형용사적 용법, ⑤ 결과를 나타내는 부사적 용법 4. hurried to the station only to discover 5. would be foolish to spend Wrap-Up Test ▶ p. 56 04 ③ 09 ③ 14 ③ 05 ⑤ 10 ③ 15 ③ 01 ② 06 ① 11 ⑤ 16 ① 02 ③ 07 ⑤ 12 ⑤ 17 ④ 03 ④ 08 ③ 13 ③ 18 ② 19 It is natural to protect 20 I found it difficult to make 13 ③ 보어로 쓰인 to부정사의 명사적 용법, ①, ②, ④, ⑤ 는 <be＋to부정사>의 형용사적 용법 14 ③ 명사 수식의 형용사적 용법, ①, ②, ④, ⑤는 명사적 15 가까스로 ~하다, look after 용법 돌보다 16 <의문사＋to부정사>가 목적어로 쓰인 명사적 용법으로 의미상 how to get이 와야 한다. 17 ④ to talk → to talk to[with]: 명사를 꾸며 주는 <to부 18 ② to live → to live on: 명사를 꾸며 주는 <to부정사＋ 정사＋전치사>가 와야 한다. 전치사>가 와야 한다. 19 <It(가주어)＋be동사＋형용사＋to부정사(진주어)> 20 <주어＋동사＋it(가목적어)＋목적격 보어＋to부정사(진목 21 told us what to do in the laboratory 22 came home to find a policeman waiting for her 적어)> 23 Nothing was to be found in the house. 21 <tell＋간접목적어＋직접목적어(what to do)> 24 Jackson needs friends to study with today. 22 결과를 나타내는 to부정사의 부사적 용법 25 I was amazed to meet the actors at the theater. 23 <be동사＋to부정사>로 가능성을 나타낸다. 01 가주어 it이 쓰였으므로 진주어 to부정사가 와야 한다. with가 와야 한다. 24 <명사＋to부정사＋전치사> 형태로 to study 뒤에 전치사 25 감정 판단의 근거를 나타내는 to부정사의 부사적 용법 ‘약속을 깨다’는 능동 형태로 쓴다. 02 목적을 나타내는 부사적 용법의 to부정사 03 보어 역할을 하는 명사적 용법의 to부정사가 와야 한다. 04 expect는 to부정사를 목적어로 취한다. 05 a pencil to write with: a pencil을 수식하는 형용사적 용법의 <to부정사＋전치사>가 와야 한다. 06 각각 가주어와 가목적어 역할을 하는 it이 와야 한다. 07 whom to trust: 누구를 믿어야 할지 how to play chess: 체스하는 법 CHAPTER 05 to부정사 Ⅱ ▶ p. 59 08 <to부정사＋전치사>는 명사를 수식하는 형용사적 용법이 to부정사의 의미상 주어 다. 의미상 to write on, to live on이 와야 한다. 09 <주어＋동사＋it(가목적어)＋목적격 보어＋to부정사(진목 A 1. for you → of you 2. for him → of him 10 결과를 나타내는 to부정사 용법으로 grew 뒤에 to be가 B 1. It is very kind of you to help 3. of her → for her 2. It is important for you to attend 적어)> 와야 한다. 11 보기는 목적을 나타내는 to부정사의 부사적 용법이다. ① 3. It is foolish of Emily to meet <be＋to부정사>의 형용사적 용법, ②, ③, ④ 명사적 용 4. It is impossible for us to get 법, ⑤ 부사적 용법 C 1. is natural for her to get angry at his mistake 12 <only/never＋to부정사>는 결과를 나타내는 to부정사의 2. is impossible for you to achieve a big success 부사적 용법이다. ①, ②, ③ 형용사를 한정하는 부사적 3. is thoughtful of you to try to help Answer Key 9 to부정사의 수동태, to부정사의 부정 5. playing A 1. to have rebuilt → to have been rebuilt 2. to not → not to 3. to write → to be written 4. to sing → to be sung 5. to invite → to be invited 3. to come → come[coming] 4. beaten → beat[beating] 5. to play → play[playing] 6. to have forgotten → to have been forgotten C 1. felt the house shaking intensely to부정사의 시제 A 1. seems to have passed 2. seems to have known 3. appears to have won 4. seems to be surprised 5. is said to have written B 1. seemed to be ill 2. seems to have told a lie 3. seems to have been a great singer 4. seem to be satisfied with 5. seemed to remember her name 7. to have stolen → to have been stolen 8. to not → not to 9. to not → not to B 1. attend the meeting to be held 2. the first president to be respected 3. seems to have been developed 4. seemed to be wounded 5. enough food to be shared 목적격 보어로 쓰이는 to부정사 A 1. leave → to leave 2. coming → to come 3. admit → to admit 4. stay → to stay B 1. advised me to exercise 2. expected Jessica to meet 3. asked the teacher not to give 4. want me to be C 1. ordered him to move his car 2. allowed me to go home early 목적격 보어로 쓰이는 원형부정사 - 사역동사 A 1. to feel → feel 2. to change → change 3. repair → repaired 4. doing → (to) do 5. leaving → leave B 1. finish 2. watch 3. know 4. practice 5. feel C 1. let him do what he wants 2. make them stop fighting 3. help us communicate with 목적격 보어로 쓰이는 원형부정사 - 지각동사 A 1. enter 2. crawling 3. singing 4. planted B 1. left → leave[leaving] 2. gone → go[going] 2. saw a strange man enter[entering] the house yesterday 3. heard her daughter play[playing] the guitar to부정사의 관용 표현 A 1. so expensive that I can’t buy it 2. so busy that he can’t prepare for the meeting 3. enough for children to understand 4. too difficult for you to solve 5. so hard as to get a scholarship, so hard that he could get a scholarship B 1. so surprised that he couldn’t say 2. too heavy for Kevin to carry 3. courageous enough to speak 독립 부정사, <be`＋`형용사`＋`to부정사> 3. wants me to write this report quickly A 1. To make a long story short 10 Catch the Grammar 2. To tell the truth 3. not to speak of 4. are willing to learn many things 5. Be sure to fasten your seat belt 6. was eager to please his mother 03 ① 08 ③ 13 ② 18 ① 04 ② 09 ② 14 ⑤ 19 ③ 05 ① 10 ③ 15 ② 20 ③ Wrap-Up Test 01 ③ 06 ① 11 ③ 16 ② 21 ⑤ 02 ① 07 ⑤ 12 ④ 17 ① 22 ④ 23 not to speak of English 24 to have been chosen 25 so kind as to drive ▶ p. 68 의미일 때, 목적격 보어로 to부정사를 갖는다. 18 <지각동사(see)＋목적어＋목적격 보어(원형부정사/현재 14 to부정사의 시제가 주절의 동사보다 앞선 경우, 완료 부 정사(to have decided)를 쓴다. 15 <so＋형용사/부사＋that＋주어＋can’t[couldn’t] ~> = <too＋형용사/부사＋to ~> 16 ② old → so old: = : 너무나 …해서 ~할 수가 없는 17 ① bring → to bring: 동사 get은‘~ 시키다’의 사역의 분사)> 19 <allow＋목적어＋to부정사> ~가 …하는 것을 허락하다 20 ③ to elect → to be elected: 선출되는 것이므로 to부 정사의 수동형인 to be elected가 와야 한다. 21 ⑤ playing → play: ~ 하기만 하다 22 ④ to부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제보다 앞선 경우, 완료 부정사(to have been injured)를 쓴다. 23 not to speak of ~은 말할 것도 없고 01 <형용사＋enough to＋동사원형> ~할 만큼 충분히 …한 24 to have been chosen: 주절의 동사보다 앞선 시제이므 02 see는 지각동사로서 목적격 보어로 원형부정사나 현재 로 완료 부정사를 쓰고 의미상 수동형이 필요하다. 25 <so＋형용사＋as to＋동사원형> ~할 정도로 충분히 …한 03 make는 사역동사로서 목적격 보어로 원형부정사를 갖 분사를 갖는다. 는다. 04 사람의 성질을 나타내는 형용사가 보어일 때 to부정사의 의미상 주어는 <of＋목적격>을 쓴다. 05 to부정사의 부정: <not[never]＋to부정사> 06 사역동사 have는 목적격 보어로 원형부정사나 과거분사 를 사용한다. 07 difficult는 사람 주어와 함께 쓰이지 않는다. 08 allow는 목적격 보어로 to부정사를 갖는다. 09 expect는 to부정사를, help는 원형부정사 또는 to부정 사를 목적격 보어로 취한다. 10 to be frank with you 솔직히 말하자면 to begin with 우선 CHAPTER 06 동명사 ▶ p. 71 동명사의 역할 - 주어, 목적어, 보어 A 1. listen → listening[to listen] 2. Play → Playing[To play] 3. become → becoming[to become] 4. to answer→ answering 5. be → being 11 too ~ to … 너무 ~해서 …할 수 없는 B 1. We enjoy talking about 사람의 성격을 나타내는 형용사가 보어일 때, to부정사 2. spending much money on shopping 의 의미상 주어는 <of＋목적격>을 쓴다. 12 <It(가주어) ~ for＋목적격(의미상 주어)＋to부정사(진주 3. was ashamed of being scolded 4. Traveling to a foreign country sounds C 1. was always fond of finding fault with 3. Respecting others is important 13 to부정사의 시제가 주절의 동사와 같은 경우, 단순 부정 2. Have you ever considered going to live 어)> 사(to buy)를 쓴다. Answer Key 11 동명사의 의미상 주어, 동명사의 부정 그들은 공항에서 그들의 짐을 기다리고 있다. A 1. my opening the window 2. his coming here on time 3. her being so rude to me 4. my applying for medical school 5. his father working too much 6. being laughed at by his friends B 1. my boss interfering in my task 2. is proud of his son being a famous film director 3. are afraid of meeting 4. is angry about his not sending 5. approved of his staying in Paris for another month 동명사 목적어 vs. to부정사 목적어 A 1. stealing 2. asking 3. to tell 4. waiting 5. smoking 6. to go B 1. purchasing 2. to abandon 3. playing 4. to travel 5. having 6. to arrive C 1. refused to listen to the advice of the teacher 2. mind my turning down 3. agreed to give up gambling 4. seemed to avoid investigating 동명사의 시제와 태 A 1. treating → being treated 2. having losing → having lost 3. having broken → having been broken 4. winning → having won B 1. of her being found safe 2. for not having attended the meeting 3. of his teacher’s discovering his mistakes C 1. complained of the plane having been delayed 2. regrets not having studied hard 3. am sure of Susan having read the report 동명사와 현재분사 A 1. 현재분사 2. 현재분사 3. 현재분사 4. 동명사 5. 동명사 6. 현재분사 7. 동명사 8. 동명사 9. 동명사 10. 현재분사 B 1. 이것은 당신을 위한 수면제입니다. 담장 위에서 자고 있는 고양이를 보세요. 2. 저희 할머니는 지팡이가 필요해요. 동명사와 to부정사 둘 다 목적어로 취하 는 동사 A 1. to make 2. attending 3. to move 4. to lock B 1. being taken 2. to take 3. to say 4. playing C 1. Don’t forget to take your cellphone 2. regret to inform you 3. remembers seeing him study[studying] 동명사의 관용 표현 Ⅰ A 1. denying 2. taking 3. fall 4. talking B 1. As soon as he saw me on the road 2. I couldn’t enjoy the holiday 3. Whenever David visits the city 동명사의 관용 표현 Ⅱ A 1. changing 2. increasing 3. providing 4. eating 5. playing 6. having B 1. is used to doing exercise Jason은 모래사장을 가로질러 걷고 있었다. 2. are addicted to using the cellphone 3. Emma의 직업은 비디오 게임을 하는 것이다. 3. had difficulty in adjusting to living Brian은 청중 앞에서 피아노를 연주하고 있다. 4. has committed herself to improving the lives of 4. 대기실에 침묵이 흐른다. the children 12 Catch the Grammar Wrap-Up Test 02 ③ 07 ⑤ 12 ⑤ 17 ⑤ 03 ④ 08 ③ 13 ④ 18 ④ 04 ④ 09 ② 14 ② 19 ⑤ 01 ③ 06 ④ 11 ① 16 ② 21 ③ ▶ p.80 05 ① 10 ③ 15 ③ 20 ③ 22 without saying that health is above wealth 23 is no use trying to forget 24 have difficulty in learning mathematics 25 has committed himself to protecting endangered animals 01 give up(포기하다)은 동명사를 목적어로 취한다. 02 cannot help -ing ~ 하지 않을 수 없다 03 동명사의 수동형은 being p.p.이다. 04 be ashamed of -ing(~하는 것을 창피해하다), 동명사 의 의미상 주어는 주로 소유격으로 쓴다. 05 동명사의 부정은 동명사 앞에 not/never를 쓴다. 06 <prevent＋목적어＋from＋-ing> ~가 …하지 못하게 하다 07 동명사의 의미상 주어는 소유격이나 목적격을 쓴다. 08 desire는 to부정사를 목적어로 취한다. 09 deny는 동명사를 목적어로 취한다. 10 sure of -ing ~을 확신하다 11 <주어＋insist＋that＋주어＋should＋동사원형> ＝<주어＋insist on＋(의미상 주어)＋-ing> 12 be worried about(~을 걱정하다), 주절의 동사보다 시 제가 앞서 있기 때문에 완료 동명사가 와야 한다. 13 ④ 현재분사, ①, ②, ③, ⑤ 동명사 14 ② 용도를 나타내는 동명사, ①, ③, ④, ⑤ 현재분사 15 <remember＋동명사> ~한 것을 기억하다 <remember＋to부정사> ~할 것을 기억하다 16 <forget＋to부정사> ~할 것을 잊어버리다 <stop＋동명사> ~하는 것을 그만두다 17 never ~ without -ing: ~할 때마다 항상 …하다 18
